May 04, 2007

Something for me to think about today...

From an essay by Daniel Larison, in New Pantagruel...

It has been one of the great, failed projects of conventional American conservatism to encourage the fiction that the Christian civilisation conservatives admire and the Enlightenment civilisation that destroyed it are part of a real continuity. For the purposes of this essay, I take it as a given that conservatism is, or at least ought to be, the persuasion and mentality that seeks good order and that in a Western society a conservative’s understanding of good order is unavoidably defined significantly and primarily by the Christian intellectual tradition in general and by the received teachings of the early Fathers of the Church in particular....

[....]

...However, this American conservatism was never entirely committed to rejecting the French Revolutionary model of society and its conception of humanity, at least not when similar ideas had already established themselves in Anglo-American culture by means that were really no less excessive and revolutionary in the seventeenth century. American conservatism could readily abjure an offensive Continental radicalism to which it was not really connected while embracing the fruits of an equally philosophically offensive, but more politically moderate English radicalism drawn from the English Puritan Revolution that had created the Anglo-American political consensus of almost three centuries.

For an American, even one inclined to recognise the deep roots of American order in Israel and antiquity, these three centuries must seem nearly an eternity—indeed, they are virtually the whole of our historical experience on this continent. From an American perspective, circa 1775, the legacy of Whig usurpation, violence and abstraction was already in some sense "traditional" and relatively well-established in precedent—the rights of Englishmen our ancestors claimed were, in the sweep of history, fairly new and based on contractarian and rights theories just as speculative and ahistorical in their own way as any imagined in France, but they had acquired a certain respectability and stability through their institutionalisation and their ready application in colonial life. The accidental seventeenth-century alliance between Dissenting and Reformed Christianity, the parliamentary cause and a philosophy of natural rights grew steadily stronger in the course of the Stuart dynasty, which in turn lent an unusual plausibility to the accommodation of Enlightenment claims and Christianity in English and American societies.

The results were the virtually universal Anglo-American embrace of political liberalism of one stripe or another and the tendency towards the unhealthy and rather odd identification of the "causes" of liberalism and Christianity, which profited from and deepened the secularisation of Anglo-American cultures here and in Britain. It is not surprising, then, that it was not until American Catholics, for whom the mythical alliance of Protestantism and political progress was always as nonsensical as it was often offensive (for what it implied about the Catholic church and Catholic nations), began fully to come into their own culturally, politically and intellectually that this largely unexamined accommodation continued unabated. It is perhaps also not surprising that American conservatism found its early champions in intellectuals (e.g., Weaver, Kirk, Burnham) whose journeys typically began on the left or far left, as these men had already taken the assumptions of the liberal age to their logical and unavoidably absurd conclusions and then recoiled in contempt at what they had found waiting for them...
(Thanks to Orrin)

"...recoiled in contempt." Precisely the right attitude.

Posted by John Weidner at May 4, 2007 08:35 AM
Comments

It's probably true enough that much of the anti-Catholic prejudice in this country of a hundred years ago and more did have to do with a perceived linkage of Protestantism with political progress.

But I have to wonder if something is being overlooked by Larison. The chief clerics of any religion tend to seek out political power, with the idea of at least making their country safe for their particular faith, if not to seize power themselves in order to rule directly.

The Catholic Church was particularly bad in this regard. It was a powerful state in its own right, once upon a time, and exercised undue influence on the affairs of many more.

Larison seems to argue that if the defects of Western liberal thought are to be fixed, one has to go back to principles laid down a thousand years ago or more by Church fathers, rather than relying on "natural rights" arguments.

The problem here is that by explicitly basing a political philosophy on religious principles, one starts mixing religion with politics, and one is then forced in worldly matters to serve two masters-- Caesar and God -- with no hope of separating the two. Remember how religious dissent was considered to be the same as treason, and punished as if it were treason? And how political dissent was regarded as something deserving of excommunication?

Natural rights may be a fiction, John, but they're a necessary fiction, needed to uncouple religion and politics. Without it, we're back in the 1500s again.

That's not to say that a politician can't have his worldview informed strongly by a religion (preferably Judaism or Christianity in preference over Islam). I would go so far as to say that a strong religious influence (Catholicism is just fine with me) would inoculate a politician against the worst aspects of political Taylorism.

But an explicit linkage of religion and politics? No thanks. I don't want our descendants to have to re-fight the Thirty Years' War.

Posted by: Hale Adams at May 4, 2007 10:41 PM

You know, I posted this as something "thought-provoking," but the more I think about it the less thoughts I have. Maybe I'm just tired and the coffee isn't doing its duty.

I'd say it's true that "The Enlightenment" has attacked traditional Christian civilization and left us with many bad ideas, but to criticize it is to criticize something so broad as to be of little intellectual use, at least for me.

I think I should stick to things less "philosophical," and more concrete. I'll wait for Mr Larison to write the "Everyman's Handbook and Practical Guide"...

Posted by: John Weidner at May 5, 2007 09:08 AM

Well, there's nothing wrong with stretching your mind, John. And Larison's article is pretty dense-- sorta like eating cheesecake when what you wanted was a cupcake.

It's now about 4 PM your time Saturday afternoon, so maybe between the coffee and the woodworking, your brain is finally in gear.

Me? My dinner is making me dopey.

Posted by: Hale Adams at May 5, 2007 04:13 PM

I found some great fiction book reviews. You can also see those reviews in Christian fiction

Posted by: Gilbert at May 8, 2007 10:02 PM
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